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The Jacksonville transportation network includes ground, air, and sea options for passenger and freight transit. The Jacksonville Port Authority (Jaxport) operates the Port of Jacksonville, which includes container shipping facilities at ''Blount Island Marine Terminal'', the ''Talleyrand Marine Terminal'' and the ''Dames Point Marine Terminal''. Jacksonville Aviation Authority managers Jacksonville International Airport in Northside, as well as several smaller airports. The Jacksonville Transportation Authority (JTA) operates bus, people mover, and park-n-ride services throughout the city and region. A major bus terminal at the intermodal Rosa Parks Transit Station serves as JTA's main transit hub. Various intercity bus companies terminate near Central Station. Amtrak operates passenger rail service to and from major cities throughout North America. The city is bisected by major highways, I-95 and I-10, I-295 creates a full beltway around the city. Along with bus services, Jacksonville offers fixed routes operated by the Jacksonville Transportation Authority (JTA). The Skyway is a people mover system located in Downtown Jacksonville. Its two lines and eight stations connect the Northbank, Southbank, and Lavilla districts. JTA is in the process of securing funding for an extension into Brooklyn, a neighborhood just south of Lavilla.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.metrojacksonville.com/article/2013-aug-jta-skyways-tiger-grant-application )〕 ==Background== Jacksonville is a sprawling city making cohesive walking and bicycling options difficult. Cycling still remains popular in some central urban areas for both recreation and commuting. The city manages to sustain a relatively low amount of traffic congestion for a city of its population, this is mostly related to the vast 〔(The 2005 Urban Mobility Report )〕 area the city covers, an area much larger than most cities with a population over 800,000. Jacksonville's low population density might also be the reason the city has yet to further develop its mass transit bus system or a heavy or light rail network. Among urbanized areas with a population of 1 million or greater in the United States, Jacksonville ranked tenth in freeway lane miles per 1,000 population and eighth in freeway-equivalent miles per 1,000 population.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Highway & Motorway Fact Book: Index )〕 As the 12th-largest city in the U.S., Jacksonville has repeatedly been ranked below 40th in mass transit availability. As a result, the city is not well known for its walkability. Jacksonville once had a large streetcar system. On February 24, 1893, Jacksonville began service with its first streetcar line. By the late 1920s, Jacksonville had what was Florida's largest streetcar system, run by multiple different companies. However, by the early 1930s, buses replaced streetcars, and the streetcars slowly perished. The last year of service was 1936.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ruins of Jacksonville: The Streetcar System )〕 Mobility issues include:〔(Jacksonville Transportation Woes )〕 *Bus-only city mass transit system; the absence of rapid transit and light rail. *Undue emphasis on automobile travel in city planning; the lack of sidewalks and bike paths. *Excessive automobile usage resulting in environmental degradation (specifically air pollution), as evidenced by the city's history of poor air quality *Lack of cross-town bus routes, forcing bus riders to travel downtown to cross from one side of the city to another, often doubling or tripling what the trip distance would have been with a direct route. *"Lack of vision" in building a transportation network based entirely on non-renewable resources and old technology *Paucity of scheduled bus routes, often forcing riders to choose between arriving at a destination extremely early, or late. *Lack of night bus services, which forces those who work late shifts to find other ways to get around. These can be much more expensive. *Fiscal costs of building (for instance liens), repairing, and replacing roads There are other concerns over a lack of safe walking paths in many areas of the city. Many suburbs which were incorporated in the consolidation of 1968 don’t have sidewalks. This often forces pedestrians to navigate a narrow road shoulder near high-speed automobile traffic. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Transportation in Jacksonville, Florida」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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